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Monday, January 30, 2012

Gaze Tracking to Learn Mammography


"An experiment showed that a novice could be subtly guided to follow an expert’s scanpath across a mammogram and that this subtle nudging improved the novice’s accuracy. The experimental results will be presented at the Eye Tracking Research & Application Symposium this March.  Grimm and her colleagues say the technique, should it prove durable, is widely applicable to visual search tasks. Not only might it improve the reading of mammograms and other types of medical images, such as MRIs and PET scans, but it might also be used to improve the accuracy of airport screening and learning in virtual environments. According to her, expert diagnostic radiologists have a particular search pattern that is not the same as that of a novice, they tend to do a fairly broad scan and then fixate on parts of the image that have a tumor-like texture. "

Cindy M. Grimm, PhD is an associate professor of computer science and engineering in the School of Engineering & Applied Science at Washington University in St. Louis.

Further reading & Reference:

Possible Pulmonary Embolism-Plain Film

This is a plain CXR film of 73 year old referred to us with clinical suspicion of pulmonary embolism. Chest xray findings are suggestive, with elevated right hemidiaphragm, pleural effusion and rounded wedge shaped opacity showing convexity towards hilum, may indicate the classical hampton's hump. Lesser opacification and pleural effusion is noted in left side as well.  Possibility was suggested and CT angiography was recommended.


Appendicitis-Plain Film

There is evidence of mild prominence of the small bowel loops and localized dilated loop in the right iliac fossa along with air fluid level, which may be an indirect sign of appendicitis. This patient was followed up and turned out to be acute appendicitis.  Still a lot can be diagnosed on Plain films if you look for them.


Other radiological signs for acute appendicitis: 1) Fluid levels localized to the caecum and terminal ileum, indicating inflammation in the right lower quadrant, 2) Localized ileus with gas in the cecum, ascending colon and terminal ileum, 3) Increased soft tissue density of the right lower quadrant, 4) Blurring of the right flank stripe and presence of a radiolucent line between the fat of the peritoneum and tansverus abdominis, 5) Fecolith in the right iliac fossa, 6) Gas filled appendix, 7) Intraperitoneal gas, 8) Deformity of the cecal gas shadow occurring due to adjacent inflammatory mass and 9) Blurring of the psoas shadow on the right side.


Saturday, January 28, 2012

Wegener's Granulomatosis-Plain Film

These are plain PNS film and CXR of a patient of known case of wegeners, with extensive soft tissue opacification of the nasal cavities and thinning of nasal septum,which is deviated as well. Chest Xray is non-contributory.


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